AWWA ACE93147

AWWA ACE93147 Maintaining a Detectable Residual to the Ends of Your Distribution System - Greater Vancouver Regional District
Conference Proceeding by American Water Works Association, 01/01/1993

Jones, R.J.; Smith, J.R.; Neden, D.G.

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To address a seasonal bacterial regrowth problem, commencing in 1988 a multiple year study was carried out comparing chlorine and chloramine as secondary disinfectants. The study evaluated residual attainability and biocidal effectiveness of the two secondary disinfectants. Public response was also evaluated. Chloramine consistently outperformed chlorine in the areas of residual attainability and biocidal effectiveness. Initial public response was more negative in the chloraminated area, however, this trend appeared to reverse in the second year of the study. The environmental impact of increased chlorine residuals, especially a chloramine residual, should be considered if a utility is situated in an environmentally sensitive area.